Objective  To study the risk factors of bleeding after lithotripsy for upper ureteral calculi, and to establish a prediction model.Methods  Three hundred and ten patients with upper ureteral calculi underwent lithotripsy in our hospital from February 2021 to February 2022 were enrolled, and classified into two groups according to the postoperative bleeding status, bleeding group (33 cases) and non-bleeding group (277 cases). Multivariate logistics regression model was used to screen out the independent risk factors of postoperative bleeding. The nomogram prediction model was established based on independent risk factors, and the discriminative ability and predictive accuracy of the nomogram was verified.Results  Compared with the non bleeding group,the operation time ≥60 min,body mass index (BMI) >24 kg/m²,history of diabetes and the proportion of residual stones in the bleeding group were significantly higher,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic analysis showed that operation time ≥60 min,BMI >24 kg/m²,history of diabetes mellitus and presence of residual stones were independent risk factors for postoperative bleeding(all P<0.05). The nomogram showed that the total score of operation time ≥60 min was 98 points,BMI >24 kg/m² was 61 points,diabetes history was 45 points,and the presence of residual stones was 75 points.The predicted values of the calibration curves of the nomogram model are consistent with the actual values.Hosmer lemeshow goodness of fit test showed that the model fitted well（χ²=8.199,P=0.150). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was 0.816.Conclusions  The operation time, BMI, history of diabetes, and presence of residual stones are all risk factors for postoperative bleeding after lithotripsy for upper ureteral calculi, and the nomogram prediction model is found to have high predictive performance.