Abstract：Objective To explore the value of combined detection of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen Ki-67 (Ki-67) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostatic lesions.Methods The clinical data of 168 patients with benign and malignant prostate diseases admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to June 2019 were selected, including 83 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) in PCa group.Patients with benign prostatic disease [benign prostatic huperplasia(BPH) 40 patients, prostate intraepithelial tumor (PIN) 45 patients]were BPH+PIN group (85 patients). The expression levels of COX-2 and Ki-67 in prostate lesion tissues of the two groups were detected. The relationship between the expression levels of COX-2 and Ki-67 in prostate tissue and the clinicopathological features of PCa was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic and differential value of COX-2 and Ki-67 mRNA expression levels in PCa.Results The expression levels of COX-2 and Ki-67 mRNA and the positive expression rates of COX-2 and Ki-67 protein in PCa group were significantly higher than those in BPH+PIN group (all P<0.001); the expression levels of COX-2 and Ki-67 in the prostate tissue of PCa group were significantly related to clinical stage, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion, and degree of differentiation（all P<0.05）; the area under the curve (AUC) of COX-2 and Ki-67 mRNA in prostate lesions was 0.885 and 0.868, the cutoff value was 1.48 and 1.37, the sensitivity was 83.13%, 78.31%, and the specificity was 91.76% and 92.94%, respectively; the sensitivity (95.18%)of the combined detection for PCa were higher than those of the single detection, but the specificity (90.59%) was slightly lower.Conclusions COX-2 combined with Ki-67 has high diagnostic value for PCa, and it can significantly improve the sensitivity and accuracy, which is helpful for the clinical differentiation of benign and malignant prostatic lesions.
