Abstract  Objective To evaluate the effect of probucol on the expression of oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1（LOX-1）and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1（VCAM-1） in the diabetic nephropathy atherosclerosis rats’ kidney and aorta, to explain the mechanism of probucol reduce oxidative stress in its’ kidney and aorta. Method  Fifty Sprague-dawlay(SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group(NC) and model group. The former give ordinary diet, the latter with high-sugar, high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Eight weeks later, the model rats were injected Streptozotocin(STZ) 40mg?kg-1 into intraperitoneal. The rats of successful model to the following experiment: were randomly divided into diabetic nephropathy group (DN) and probucol group(PL), the latter with probucol 500mg?kg-1?d-1 gavage. After 18 weeks, examining the weight of rat, blood glucose and 24 hours protein, and monitoring serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood fat, superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malonaldehyde(MDA). Partial nephridial and aorta tissue were observed HE staining. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to analyse LOX-1、VCAM-1 gene and protein expression in kidney and aorta tissue of three group rats. Result  Compared with the untreated DN group, urinary albumin excretion, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, triglyceride, cholesterol and MDA of probucol treated rats were substanitially decreased.The expression of LOX-1 and VCAM-1 were lower in probucol treated group. Conclusion  Probucol can reduce oxidative stress in its’ kidney and aorta, and protect endometrium in kidney and aorta function, partly through down-regulating LOX-1 and VCAM-1.