Objective  To investigate the efficiency of routine urethral catheter retraction and modified pressurized water injection in the treatment of urethral calculi in male patients. Methods   From July 2013 to December 2016, 52 patients with urethral calculi were randomly divided into routine group and compression group. The two groups were treated with forced catheterization and modified pressurized injection catheter respectively. The success rate, pain score and urine routine after 3 months of successful operation were compared between the two groups. Results  The success rate in the compression group was significantly higher than that in the routine group, and the VAS score in the compression group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group. There was no obvious abnormality in urine routine and urine flow rate in the two groups after 3 months after the first successful pushback. Conclusions  The technique of pressurized water injection is a safe, more effective and more comfortable method for the treatment of male urethral calculi.