Objective  To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood platelet/lymphocyte ratio and clinicopathological features and survival time after radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer to provide an effective theoretical basis for better treatment of prostate cancer.Methods   The clinical data of 164 patients with prostate cancer diagnosed by pathology who underwent radical resection in our hospital from June 2007 to June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The  receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cutoff value of PLR with 130. According to the cutting point, the patients were divided into the high PLR group (PLR≥130) and the low PLR group (PLR<130). The correlation between peripheral blood platelet/lymphocyte ratio and clinicopathological features and survival time were investigated. The independent prognostic factors were analyzed by Cox regression. Results   There were 64 cases of preoperative PLR<130 and 100 cases of preoperative PLR≥130. There was no significant relationship between preoperative PLR value and patient age, histological type(P>0.05). The preoperative PLR value was significantly correlated with Gleason score, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, degree of differentiation and depth of invasion(P<0.05). The no disease survival and overall survival at the 1, 3, 5 years in patients with PLR<130 were significantly higher than that of patients with preoperative PLR≥130 (P<0.05). The single factor analysis showed that Gleason score, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, differentiation, preoperative PLR, postoperative adjuvant therapy were prognostic factors for patients with prostate cancer(P<0.05). The age, distant metastasis, histological type, depth of invasion didn’t correlate with the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer(P>0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that Gleason score, clinical stage, preoperative PLR≥130 were independent prognostic risk factors for patients with prostate cancer [HR=1.709 (1.264-2.611), HR=1.582 (1.103-2.270), HR=1.531 (1.104-2.124)], and the postoperative adjuvant treatment was protective prognosis factors of survival rate [HR=0.530 (0.408-0.690)]. Conclusions  Preoperative PLR ratio is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer, which can be used as an indicator of the prognosis of patients with prostate cancer.